Investigation of false-positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture tests using whole genome sequencing

Jinsoo Min; Kyungjong Kim; Hongjo Choi; Eun Seok Kang; Yoon Mi Shin; Jin Young An; Kang Hyeon Choe; Ki Man Lee

doi:10.4103/atm.ATM_184_18

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CASE REPORT

Year : 2019 | Volume : 14 | Issue : 1 | Page : 90-93

Investigation of false-positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture tests using whole genome sequencing

Jinsoo Min¹, Kyungjong Kim², Hongjo Choi², Eun Seok Kang³, Yoon Mi Shin³, Jin Young An⁴, Kang Hyeon Choe⁴, Ki Man Lee⁴
¹ Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
² Department of Research and Development, Korean Institute of Tuberculosis, Osong, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
³ Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
⁴ Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital; Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Republic of Korea

Correspondence Address:
Prof. Ki Man Lee
Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644
Republic of Korea

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None

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DOI: 10.4103/atm.ATM_184_18

Although accurate identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the gold standard for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis, there have been several reports of false-positive results. After identifying a sudden increase in extensively drug-resistant TB, false-positive mycobacterial culture tests were suspected, and we contacted the supranational reference center for molecular typing. In silico genotyping tests showed that isolates from all five patients had an identical genotype pattern, and all harbored the same Beijing strain based on sequence-based phylogenic analysis and drug-resistant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) analysis. We also used whole genome sequencing (WGS) to compare the SNPs of all isolates with a reference genome, and all were identical. We adapted WGS to efficiently detect false-positive MTB culture tests.

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