Sleep quality and mental health in coronavirus disease 2019 patients and general population during the pandemic

Ranya Alshumrani; Sultan Qanash; Ahmad Aldobyany; Faris Alhejaili; Ibrahim AlQassas; Mohammed Shabrawishi; Omar Alnashiwaty; Mohannad Badghaish; Mohammad Adnan; Ahmed Bin Afeef; Dhafer Alghamdi; Salman Aljehani; Anas Alsurahi; Abdulaziz Faruqui; Ayman Krayem; Md Dilshad Manzar; Siraj Wali

doi:10.4103/atm.atm_191_21

Official publication of the Saudi Thoracic Society, affiliated to King Saud University

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Year : 2022 | Volume : 17 | Issue : 1 | Page : 21-27

Sleep quality and mental health in coronavirus disease 2019 patients and general population during the pandemic

Ranya Alshumrani¹, Sultan Qanash², Ahmad Aldobyany³, Faris Alhejaili¹, Ibrahim AlQassas⁴, Mohammed Shabrawishi⁵, Omar Alnashiwaty³, Mohannad Badghaish⁶, Mohammad Adnan⁷, Ahmed Bin Afeef⁸, Dhafer Alghamdi⁹, Salman Aljehani¹⁰, Anas Alsurahi¹¹, Abdulaziz Faruqui¹², Ayman Krayem¹¹, Md Dilshad Manzar¹³, Siraj Wali¹
¹ Sleep Medicine Research Group, Sleep Medicine and Research Center, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
² Internal Medicine Department, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs; Internal Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center; Internal Medicine Department, King Saud bin AbdulAziz University for Health sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
³ Internal Medicine Department, King Abdullah Medical City, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
⁴ Internal Medicine Department, Saudi German Hospital Jeddah Branch, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
⁵ Medical department -Alnoor Specialist Hospital- Makkah, Saudi Arabia
⁶ Internal Medicine Department, East Jeddah General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
⁷ Internal Medicine Department, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
⁸ Internal Medicine Department, MOH, King Abdulaziz hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
⁹ Internal Medicine Department, MOH, King Abdullah Medical Complex, Saudi Arabia
¹⁰ Internal Medicine Department, MOH, East Jeddah Hospital, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
¹¹ Internal Medicine Department, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia
¹² Internal Medicine Department, King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
¹³ Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia

Correspondence Address:
Siraj Wali
College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80215, P.O. Box 21589; Sleep Medicine and Research Center, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah 80215, P.O. Box 21589
Saudi Arabia

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None

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DOI: 10.4103/atm.atm_191_21

OBJECTIVE: Sleep problems during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic commonly affected general populations. Data on the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality in Saudi Arabia are scarce. Thus, the aim of our study was to evaluate sleep quality and assess the psychological burden of the pandemic in COVID-19 patients and the general population. METHODS: This was a multicenter, observational, cross-sectional survey. Participants with COVID-19 were recruited from different health-care centers in the western region during the lockdown period from May 13, 2020 to September 2, 2020. All participants completed a validated online survey. The control group comprised individuals from the general public who responded to the online survey through social media. Demographic data, COVID-19 status, and history of chronic diseases were collected. Sleep quality, depression, and insomnia were assessed using validated questionnaires. Results: In total, 1091 participants were surveyed and 643 (58.9%) were positive for COVID-19. Poor sleep quality was reported in 66.1% of COVID-19 patients (mean score ± standard deviation [SD] 6.9 ± 4.0) and 72.8% of controls (mean score ± SD 7.6 ± 4.3). Insomnia affected 50.5% of COVID-19 patients (mean score ± SD 6.5 ± 5.5) and 58.5% of controls (mean score ± SD 7.6 ± 5.5). Depression was diagnosed in 39.5% of COVID-19 patients (mean score ± SD 4.7 ± 4.6) and 70.1% of controls (mean score ± SD 8.9 ± 6.7). CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic had a great impact on mental health and sleep quality in both COVID-19 patients and the general population but more pronounced in the general population.

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